memory.hpp

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// Copyright 2024 Man Group Operations Limited
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or mplied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.
 
#pragma once
 
#include <compare>
#include <concepts>
#include <cstddef>
#include <memory>
#include <type_traits>
 
#include "sparrow/utils/contracts.hpp"
 
namespace sparrow
{
    template <class T>
    class value_ptr
    {
        using internal_pointer = std::unique_ptr<T>;
 
    public:
 
        using self_type = value_ptr<T>;
        using pointer = typename internal_pointer::pointer;
        using element_type = typename internal_pointer::element_type;
 
        // Value semantic
 
        constexpr value_ptr() noexcept = default;
        constexpr value_ptr(std::nullptr_t) noexcept;
        constexpr explicit value_ptr(T value);
        constexpr explicit value_ptr(T* value);
 
        ~value_ptr() = default;
 
        constexpr value_ptr(const value_ptr& other);
        constexpr value_ptr(value_ptr&& other) noexcept = default;
 
        constexpr value_ptr& operator=(const value_ptr& other);
        constexpr value_ptr& operator=(value_ptr&& other) noexcept = default;
 
        constexpr value_ptr& operator=(std::nullptr_t) noexcept;
 
        // Modifiers
 
        constexpr void reset() noexcept;
 
        // Observers
 
        [[nodiscard]] constexpr T* get() noexcept;
        [[nodiscard]] constexpr const T* get() const noexcept;
 
        constexpr explicit operator bool() const noexcept;
        [[nodiscard]] constexpr bool has_value() const noexcept;
 
        [[nodiscard]] constexpr T& operator*();
        [[nodiscard]] constexpr const T& operator*() const;
 
        [[nodiscard]] constexpr T* operator->();
        [[nodiscard]] constexpr const T* operator->() const;
 
    private:
 
        internal_pointer value_;
    };
 
    namespace detail
    {
        template <class T>
        struct is_unique_ptr : std::false_type
        {
        };
 
        template <class T, class D>
        struct is_unique_ptr<std::unique_ptr<T, D>> : std::true_type
        {
        };
 
        template <class T>
        constexpr bool is_unique_ptr_v = is_unique_ptr<T>::value;
    }
    template <class T>
    concept clonable = std::derived_from<T, std::decay_t<decltype(*std::declval<T*>()->clone())>>
                       && detail::is_unique_ptr_v<decltype(std::declval<T*>()->clone())>;

    template <clonable T>
    class cloning_ptr
    {
        using internal_pointer = std::unique_ptr<T>;
 
    public:
 
        using self_type = cloning_ptr<T>;
        using pointer = typename internal_pointer::pointer;
        using element_type = typename internal_pointer::element_type;
 
        // Value semantic
 
        constexpr cloning_ptr() noexcept = default;
        constexpr cloning_ptr(std::nullptr_t) noexcept;
        explicit constexpr cloning_ptr(pointer p) noexcept;
 
        constexpr ~cloning_ptr() = default;
 
        constexpr cloning_ptr(const self_type& rhs) noexcept;
        constexpr cloning_ptr(self_type&& rhs) noexcept = default;
 
 
        template <clonable U>
            requires std::convertible_to<U*, T*>
        constexpr cloning_ptr(const cloning_ptr<U>& rhs) noexcept;
 
        template <clonable U>
            requires std::convertible_to<U*, T*>
        constexpr cloning_ptr(cloning_ptr<U>&& rhs) noexcept;
 
        constexpr self_type& operator=(const self_type&) noexcept;
        constexpr self_type& operator=(self_type&&) noexcept = default;
        constexpr self_type& operator=(std::nullptr_t) noexcept;
 
        template <clonable U>
            requires std::convertible_to<U*, T*>
        constexpr self_type& operator=(const cloning_ptr<U>& rhs) noexcept;
 
        template <clonable U>
            requires std::convertible_to<U*, T*>
        constexpr self_type& operator=(cloning_ptr<U>&& rhs) noexcept;
 
        // Modifiers
 
        constexpr pointer release() noexcept;
        constexpr void reset(pointer ptr = pointer()) noexcept;
        void swap(self_type&) noexcept;
 
        // Observers
 
        [[nodiscard]] constexpr pointer get() const noexcept;
 
        constexpr explicit operator bool() const noexcept;
 
        [[nodiscard]] constexpr std::add_lvalue_reference_t<T>
        operator*() const noexcept(noexcept(*std::declval<pointer>()));
 
        [[nodiscard]] constexpr pointer operator->() const noexcept;
 
    private:
 
        [[nodiscard]] constexpr internal_pointer& ptr_impl() noexcept;
        [[nodiscard]] constexpr const internal_pointer& ptr_impl() const noexcept;
 
        internal_pointer m_data;
    };
 
    template <class T>
    void swap(cloning_ptr<T>& lhs, cloning_ptr<T>& rhs) noexcept;
 
    template <class T1, class T2>
        requires std::equality_comparable_with<typename cloning_ptr<T1>::pointer, typename cloning_ptr<T2>::pointer>
    constexpr bool operator==(const cloning_ptr<T1>& lhs, const cloning_ptr<T2>& rhs) noexcept;
 
    template <class T1, class T2>
        requires std::three_way_comparable_with<typename cloning_ptr<T1>::pointer, typename cloning_ptr<T2>::pointer>
    constexpr std::compare_three_way_result_t<typename cloning_ptr<T1>::pointer, typename cloning_ptr<T2>::pointer>
    operator<=>(const cloning_ptr<T1>& lhs, const cloning_ptr<T2>& rhs) noexcept;
 
    template <class T>
    constexpr bool operator==(const cloning_ptr<T>& lhs, std::nullptr_t) noexcept;
 
    template <class T>
        requires std::three_way_comparable<typename cloning_ptr<T>::pointer>
    constexpr std::compare_three_way_result_t<typename cloning_ptr<T>::pointer>
    operator<=>(const cloning_ptr<T>& lhs, std::nullptr_t) noexcept;
 
    template <class T, class... Args>
    cloning_ptr<T> make_cloning_ptr(Args&&... args);
 
    /****************************
     * value_ptr implementation *
     ****************************/
 
    template <class T>
    constexpr value_ptr<T>::value_ptr(std::nullptr_t) noexcept
    {
    }
 
    template <class T>
    constexpr value_ptr<T>::value_ptr(T value)
        : value_(std::make_unique<T>(std::move(value)))
    {
    }
 
    template <class T>
    constexpr value_ptr<T>::value_ptr(T* value)
        : value_(value != nullptr ? std::make_unique<T>(*value) : std::unique_ptr<T>())
    {
    }
 
    template <class T>
    constexpr value_ptr<T>::value_ptr(const value_ptr& other)
        : value_(other.value_ ? std::make_unique<T>(*other.value_) : std::unique_ptr<T>())
    {
    }
 
    template <class T>
    constexpr value_ptr<T>& value_ptr<T>::operator=(const value_ptr& other)
    {
        if (other.has_value())
        {
            if (value_)
            {
                *value_ = *other.value_;
            }
            else
            {
                value_ = std::make_unique<T>(*other.value_);
            }
        }
        else
        {
            value_.reset();
        }
        return *this;
    }
 
    template <class T>
    constexpr value_ptr<T>& value_ptr<T>::operator=(std::nullptr_t) noexcept
    {
        reset();
        return *this;
    }
 
    template <class T>
    constexpr void value_ptr<T>::reset() noexcept
    {
        value_.reset();
    }
 
    template <class T>
    constexpr T* value_ptr<T>::get() noexcept
    {
        return value_.get();
    }
 
    template <class T>
    constexpr const T* value_ptr<T>::get() const noexcept
    {
        return value_.get();
    }
 
    template <class T>
    constexpr value_ptr<T>::operator bool() const noexcept
    {
        return has_value();
    }
 
    template <class T>
    constexpr bool value_ptr<T>::has_value() const noexcept
    {
        return bool(value_);
    }
 
    template <class T>
    constexpr T& value_ptr<T>::operator*()
    {
        SPARROW_ASSERT_TRUE(value_);
        return *value_;
    }
 
    template <class T>
    constexpr const T& value_ptr<T>::operator*() const
    {
        SPARROW_ASSERT_TRUE(value_);
        return *value_;
    }
 
    template <class T>
    constexpr T* value_ptr<T>::operator->()
    {
        SPARROW_ASSERT_TRUE(value_);
        return &*value_;
    }
 
    template <class T>
    constexpr const T* value_ptr<T>::operator->() const
    {
        SPARROW_ASSERT_TRUE(value_);
        return &*value_;
    }
 
    /******************************
     * cloning_ptr implementation *
     ******************************/
 
    template <clonable T>
    constexpr cloning_ptr<T>::cloning_ptr(std::nullptr_t) noexcept
        : m_data(nullptr)
    {
    }
 
    template <clonable T>
    constexpr cloning_ptr<T>::cloning_ptr(pointer p) noexcept
        : m_data(p)
    {
    }
 
    template <clonable T>
    constexpr cloning_ptr<T>::cloning_ptr(const cloning_ptr& rhs) noexcept
        : m_data(rhs ? rhs->clone() : nullptr)
    {
    }
 
    template <clonable T>
    template <clonable U>
        requires std::convertible_to<U*, T*>
    constexpr cloning_ptr<T>::cloning_ptr(const cloning_ptr<U>& rhs) noexcept
        : m_data(rhs ? rhs->clone() : nullptr)
    {
    }
 
    template <clonable T>
    template <clonable U>
        requires std::convertible_to<U*, T*>
    constexpr cloning_ptr<T>::cloning_ptr(cloning_ptr<U>&& rhs) noexcept
        : m_data(rhs.release())
    {
    }
 
    template <clonable T>
    constexpr auto cloning_ptr<T>::operator=(const self_type& rhs) noexcept -> self_type&
    {
        m_data = rhs ? rhs->clone() : nullptr;
        return *this;
    }
 
    template <clonable T>
    constexpr auto cloning_ptr<T>::operator=(std::nullptr_t) noexcept -> self_type&
    {
        reset(nullptr);
        return *this;
    }
 
    template <clonable T>
    template <clonable U>
        requires std::convertible_to<U*, T*>
    constexpr auto cloning_ptr<T>::operator=(const cloning_ptr<U>& rhs) noexcept -> self_type&
    {
        m_data = rhs ? rhs->clone() : nullptr;
        return *this;
    }
 
    template <clonable T>
    template <clonable U>
        requires std::convertible_to<U*, T*>
    constexpr auto cloning_ptr<T>::operator=(cloning_ptr<U>&& rhs) noexcept -> self_type&
    {
        reset(rhs.release());
        return *this;
    }
 
    template <clonable T>
    constexpr auto cloning_ptr<T>::release() noexcept -> pointer
    {
        return ptr_impl().release();
    }
 
    template <clonable T>
    constexpr void cloning_ptr<T>::reset(pointer ptr) noexcept
    {
        ptr_impl().reset(ptr);
    }
 
    template <clonable T>
    void cloning_ptr<T>::swap(self_type& other) noexcept
    {
        using std::swap;
        swap(ptr_impl(), other.ptr_impl());
    }
 
    template <clonable T>
    constexpr auto cloning_ptr<T>::get() const noexcept -> pointer
    {
        return ptr_impl().get();
    }
 
    template <clonable T>
    constexpr cloning_ptr<T>::operator bool() const noexcept
    {
        return bool(ptr_impl());
    }
 
    template <clonable T>
    constexpr std::add_lvalue_reference_t<T>
    cloning_ptr<T>::operator*() const noexcept(noexcept(*std::declval<pointer>()))
    {
        return *get();
    }
 
    template <clonable T>
    constexpr auto cloning_ptr<T>::operator->() const noexcept -> pointer
    {
        return get();
    }
 
    template <clonable T>
    constexpr auto cloning_ptr<T>::ptr_impl() noexcept -> internal_pointer&
    {
        return m_data;
    }
 
    template <clonable T>
    constexpr auto cloning_ptr<T>::ptr_impl() const noexcept -> const internal_pointer&
    {
        return m_data;
    }
 
    /*********************************
     * Free functions implementation *
     *********************************/
 
    template <class T>
    void swap(cloning_ptr<T>& lhs, cloning_ptr<T>& rhs) noexcept
    {
        lhs.swap(rhs);
    }
 
    template <class T1, class T2>
        requires std::equality_comparable_with<typename cloning_ptr<T1>::pointer, typename cloning_ptr<T2>::pointer>
    constexpr bool operator==(const cloning_ptr<T1>& lhs, const cloning_ptr<T2>& rhs) noexcept
    {
        return lhs.get() == rhs.get();
    }
 
    template <class T1, class T2>
        requires std::three_way_comparable_with<typename cloning_ptr<T1>::pointer, typename cloning_ptr<T2>::pointer>
    constexpr std::compare_three_way_result_t<typename cloning_ptr<T1>::pointer, typename cloning_ptr<T2>::pointer>
    operator<=>(const cloning_ptr<T1>& lhs, const cloning_ptr<T2>& rhs) noexcept
    {
        return lhs.get() <=> rhs.get();
    }
 
    template <class T>
    constexpr bool operator==(const cloning_ptr<T>& lhs, std::nullptr_t) noexcept
    {
        return !lhs;
    }
 
    template <class T>
        requires std::three_way_comparable<typename cloning_ptr<T>::pointer>
    constexpr std::compare_three_way_result_t<typename cloning_ptr<T>::pointer>
    operator<=>(const cloning_ptr<T>& lhs, std::nullptr_t) noexcept
    {
        using pointer = typename cloning_ptr<T>::pointer;
        return lhs.get() <=> static_cast<pointer>(nullptr);
    }
 
    template <class T, class... Args>
    cloning_ptr<T> make_cloning_ptr(Args&&... args)
    {
        return cloning_ptr<T>(new T(std::forward<Args>(args)...));
    }
}